Trading scams offer investors the opportunity to trade contracts for differences (CFDs), currencies, commodities, stocks or crypto assets via an online platform or app. The offer is often advertised with automatic trading programs, “signal groups” in messengers or personal support from an experienced “trader”. The trading interface looks like a regular provider and shows prices, positions and profits.
In fraudulent situations, however, this interface is not connected to a real market. Prices and account balances are controlled by the operators: winnings appear first, which motivate further deposits. Later, payouts are tied to conditions – for example, to a certain trading volume after accepting a “bonus” – or the balance is lost within a short period of time due to alleged loss-making transactions.
Not every loss in trading is due to fraud; Trading with leveraged products involves high risks, even with approved providers. A legal examination helps to differentiate between the two. Since the operators of manipulated platforms often operate anonymously from abroad and enforcement against them can be difficult, we include other possible opponents in the review.